
Rating: | ★★★★★ |
Category: | Books |
Genre: | Science |
Author: | Stephen Hawking |
[When one reads a book and finds that he understands its content only around 35 to 40 percent of the time, the propriety of rating it 5 out of 5 stars (and indeed the very act of making the review itself) is very questionable. Thankfully, the privilege accorded to one who actually owns the particular site containing the review renders this difficulty entirely negligible.]
Flashback: During my freshman year in college, I took Physics as one of my required natural science subjects. During that first semester, I used the book "Conceptual Physics" as the course textbook. It was written by a bloke named Paul Hewitt - who's apparently an American Physics teacher. He writes well, and he seems to be someone who genuinely wants to make Physics be understood by laypeople. However, it seems that not even a pleasing conversational style in writing can make a person gain a better understanding of Physics. Somewhere along the way, the mathematical element has to be introduced, and from that point onwards it becomes confusing.
Now, Stephen Hawking is far more accomplished than Paul Hewitt - he is universally acknowledged as the greatest scientific mind after Albert Einstein himself. One would then come to expect a number of similar things when faced with the prospect of actually reading a book written by someone of his stature. Worse, he isn't likely to have Paul Hewitt's conversational tone - an impression no less brought about by his being afflicted by Lou Gehrig's Disease.
There are a number of striking observations that one can make regarding this book - all of which are unexpected and might come as a surprise for some who, like me, know very little about Physics. It is along the lines of these observations that this review is organized.
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Observation #1: There are no equations nor computations in this book.
Actually there is one - e = mc^2. And that's the only one. Stephen Hawking was so conscious about making this book understandable to laypeople that he specifically set out to write this book without the normally confusing computations associated with the study of Physics. He, however, made an exception for Einstein's famous equation in order to stress its importance to Physics and the study of science in its entirety. Other than that, everything is in plain English and suffused with everyday examples that illustrate the particular principle he is explaining.
This does not mean at all that the book is easy to read. Hawking has a tendency to go on long, winding explanations with little regard for whether or not the explanations themselves are still understood by the reader. Nevertheless, the effort bears fruit in terms of creating a readable flow in the text (which is usually abruptly interrupted when computations are introduced) that at least enables the reader to have a basic idea on how ideas on time and space have progressed from the time of Aristotle.
Observation #2: If you try hard enough, you will begin to be familiar with some scientific jargon you previously did not understand.
This is the direct result of Observation #1. If, for example, you read Dan Brown's book "Angels and Demons" and never understood why CERN had to create an enormous particle accelerator (nor understand what particle accelerators are in the first place) then this book will be a good reference for you. Personally, I'm fascinated by Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle. I've always had an idea that it talks about the way the act of observing a moving object makes it deviate from its path. I just didn't realize in what way this applies to reality until i came across this book. Reading this book also gave me a very basic idea of String Theory - an idea that was supposedly featured in Philip Pullman's "His Dark Materials" series. But I'm still trying to read the book again (and surfing the net) in order to better understand the difference between Einstein's Special and General Theories of Relativity.
Observation #3: Newton's laws are (gasp!) outdated.
Throughout our grade school, high school and even college years, what we took as "law" on matters of time, space and motion are Newtonian. It would then come as a surprise that the only reason Newton's laws are still applicable for us Earthlings is because (1) Earth conditions are uniquely suited for such laws; and (2) the findings of more advanced theories, specifically those of Einstein, while more accurate, have very little discrepancy with Newton's laws on on an Earthly setting. The difference becomes apparent when one's subject of inquiry is beyond the confines of the solar system
Observation #4: The word "God" is scattered throughout the book.
A few years ago, I have already come across Stephen Hawking and his reputation, and my impression was that he is an atheist. It was then a surprise for me to encounter the repeated mention of God in this book. In hindsight, this should not really come as a surprise because Hawking's area of expertise is on the very composition and creation of the universe - an area that still has huge gaps for science, and big enough for an idea of God to fill in. Early in the text, one gets the idea that he is not really an atheist but someone who is both very open-minded and very scientific at the same time. That is, one who does not prematurely discount the possibility of God's existence and would rather reserve his judgment until such time that he has enough information to make a definitive statement on the matter. Later, when one nears the end, one realizes that he might already have made up his mind that there is no God but is merely toying with the idea for the sake of demonstrating how incompatible it is with what is being suggested by scientific evidence.
Hawking begins by stating it is possible for a creator to exist but places limits on when the act of creation should have occurred. He ends the book by saying that there may in fact be no room for a creator after all. In any case, he did the right thing by not being confrontational about his disbelief in God's existence, and instead made a careful and detailed explanation that points his readers to realize for themselves what he considers the unavoidable conclusion on the Universe's beginning and end.
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I would of course oppose any notion of God's nonexistence due to my Christian orientation. But that doesn't stop me from admiring this gargantuan work by Stephen Hawking. Here is a book on Physics that one can actually read from cover to cover. For those who wish to know more about Physics and the history of scientific thought, this book is perfect. There's no guarantee that one would understand the concepts right away, but it provides an appropriate starting point for further inquiry.